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For skin, this means improved structural integrity, better hydration, restored elasticity, and reversal of the dermal thinning that accelerates after 40

Furthermore, studies suggest that neuroinflammation is involved in the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA (Stromberg et al., 1986)

NPJ Metab Health Dis

DAS significantly alleviates the immune-inflammatory microenvironment, manifested by reduced CD4 + T cell protein expression and related inflammatory cytokines, while inhibiting insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 signaling pathways (170)

S2a), an effect that was abolished by the N -methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist 16 , MK801 (Supplementary Fig